Boeing P-26 "Peashooter"

The Boeing P-26 "Peashooter" was the first American all-metal production fighter aircraft and the first pursuit monoplane to enter squadron service with the United States Army Air Corps.[N 1] Designed and built by Boeing, the prototype first flew in 1932, and the type was still in use with the U.S. Army Air Corps as late as 1941 in the Philippines.

The project, funded by Boeing, to produce the Boeing Model 248 began in September 1931, with the US Army Air Corps supplying the engines and the instruments. The design, which included an open cockpit, fixed landing gear and externally braced wings, was the last such design procured by the USAAC as a fighter aircraft. The Model 248 had a high landing speed, which caused a number of accidents. To remedy this, flaps were fitted to reduce the landing speed. The Army Air Corps ordered three prototypes, designated XP-936, with the first flight on 20 March 1932.

The Boeing XP-936 was still tricky to land; sometimes, because of the short nose, it tended to roll onto its back and would flip forward, injuring a number of pilots. The prototype's unarmored headrest offered virtually no protection in such instances. As a result, production Model 266s ("P-26A"s) had a taller, armored headrest installed.

Two fighters were completed as "P-26B"s with fuel-injected Pratt & Whitney R-1340-33 engines. These were followed by twenty-three "P-26C"s, with carburated R-1340-33s and modified fuel systems. Both the Spanish Air Force (one aircraft) and the Republic of China Air Force (eleven aircraft) ordered examples of the Model 281 version of the P-26C in 1936.

The diminutive "Peashooter", as it was known by service pilots, was faster than previous American combat aircraft. Nonetheless, rapid progress in aviation led to it quickly becoming an anachronism, with wire-braced wings, fixed landing gear and open cockpit. The stressed-skin cantilever-wing Dewoitine D.500 flew the same year as the P-26 and two years afterwards the Soviet I-16 was flying with retractable landing gear. By 1935, just three years after the P-26, the Curtiss P-36, Messerschmitt Bf 109 and Hawker Hurricane were all flying with enclosed cockpits, retractable landing gear and cantilever wings. However, the P-26 was easy to fly, and would remain in service until the U.S. entered World War II.

General characteristics

Crew: 1
Length: 23 ft 7 in (7.18 m)
Wingspan: 28 ft (8.50 m)
Height: 10 ft 0 in (3.04 m)
Empty weight: 2,196 lb (996 kg)
Loaded weight: 3,360 lb (1,524 kg)
Powerplant: 1 × Pratt & Whitney R-1340-27 "Wasp" radial engine, 600 hp (440 kW)
Performance

Maximum speed: 234 mph (203 knots, 377 km/h) at 6,000 ft (1,800 m)
Combat radius: 360 mi (310 nmi, 580 km)
Ferry range: 635 mi (550 nmi, 1,020 km)
Service ceiling: 27,400 ft (8,350 m)
Rate of climb: 719 ft/min (3.65 m/s)
Armament

Guns: 2 × .30 in (7.62 mm) M1919 Browning machine guns or 1 x .30 (7.6mm) and 1 x .50 (12.7mm) caliber machine guns
Bombs: 2 × 100 lb (45 kg) GP bombs or 5 x 31 lb (14 kg) anti-personnel bombs

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